Conflict of Interest Policy
To safeguard impartiality and transparency, all participants in the publication process – authors, reviewers, and editors – are required to disclose any potential conflicts of interest. The purpose of this policy is to prevent such conflicts from influencing research outcomes or editorial decisions.

Authors
When submitting a manuscript, authors must declare any circumstances that could be perceived as conflicts of interest. These may include financial connections (employment, consultancies, fees, company involvement, patent rights) as well as non-financial factors (personal relationships, academic competition, ideological or religious convictions). A statement on conflicts of interest must appear at the end of each article. If none exist, the note should read: None declared.

Reviewers
Reviewers must inform the editorial office immediately of any situation that could compromise the neutrality of their evaluation. This includes financial or personal associations with the authors or institutions, overlapping research interests, or personal biases such as rivalry or friendship. Where a conflict exists, the reviewer must decline the assignment.

Editors
Editors are equally obliged to avoid involvement in evaluating manuscripts where their objectivity could reasonably be questioned. Conflicts may arise from financial, professional, or personal connections to the authors, from co-authorship, or from employment within the same institution. In such cases, the manuscript must be reassigned to another editor or to an independent expert.

Transparency
All declared conflicts are made public in a note attached to the published article. Adherence to this policy by authors, reviewers, and editors is mandatory in order to preserve fairness, accuracy, and credibility in scholarly communication.